最近大小姐終於辭掉令人失眠的工作之後,開始在少爺上班的診所幫忙,雖然容易站到腰痠背痛,但和自己喜愛的小動物們"工作",內心真的非常喜悅,即使遇到很兇的動物也覺得超可愛的~ 而且少了職場上明爭暗鬥的痛苦和業績壓力,連睡眠狀況也改善很多!
這獸醫助理生涯雖然不算長但自己也是個10多餘年的飼主,有一些關於寵物的保健知識想要和大家分享,就從"食"先說起,很多主人會對於家中寵物的病痛歸咎於吃"人吃的食物",以為吃飼料得永生,或是不敢吃罐頭覺得罐頭太鹹(有這種想法的人一定沒有是吃過狗罐頭,狗罐頭和飼料根本沒味道只是香而已,我知道因為我都吃過,還有試吃過他們的零食,但我的牙齒很弱沒肯過牛皮骨..)、罐頭有防腐劑對寵物不好... 等等,
乾飼料對於很多把拔馬麻來說真的是很方便"選擇",尤其是家中不開伙的外食族型飼主,辛苦工作完回到家只要倒出一碗乾飼料,這麼一頓晚餐就完成了,只要三秒鐘而且經濟又實惠! 乾飼料會這麼受歡迎的原因除了方便之外,飼料廠商廣告強力放送也是另一大主因,不管甚麼品牌都大肆宣揚乾飼料的好處,似乎只有吃飼料才能讓狗貓獲得均衡的營養
甚至還有許多人認為讓狗狗貓貓吃"人吃的"食物簡直就是天大的罪惡,這一點從某青春少女天團在某節目上的幕後花絮中就為了為狗狗吃甚麼而對彼此叫囂,甚至說出:『你再餵我的狗吃人吃的,我就餵你吃狗吃的食物!』中就可發現這似是而非的觀念已經存在於普羅大眾之中,其實狗狗和人類一樣是雜食性動物,貓則是肉食性動物,都一樣需要蛋白質、脂肪、碳水化合物、維生素、礦物質...等營養成分,只是對某些成分的需要比我們更多、某些成分則較少,唯一和我們一樣的就是要多喝水!
乾飼料確實是方便也確實是含有很多營養,但就是含水量非常少,大約只含有6%-10%的水分。基本上來說,狗狗貓貓一天所需的水分是體重的5%,也就是說3公斤的狗每天需要喝到150 c.c.的水分,如果長期缺水就會引發一些慢性疾病,例如腎臟病或是胰臟發炎,尤其大部分的貓貓都不喜歡喝水,更容易引起腎臟慢性疾病;公狗貓尿液太濃就容易形成結石,容易堵塞尿到嚴重時需要開刀;建議大家可以利用養樂多的空瓶 (一瓶100 c.c.)來測量寵物每天的喝水量是否足夠,若發現水喝得不夠就必須在食物當中添加,最簡單的方式是在飼料中加水泡著吃
乾飼料的另一個缺點是碳水化合物的熱量太高,只吃乾飼料容易過胖,即使是減肥飼料也是一樣! 許多主人想為動物減肥,以為換了減肥飼料就可以放心的讓他們大吃特吃,誰知道越吃越胖?! 建議可以每餐減少飼料添加罐頭食品,貓狗罐頭的含水量有高達75% 是乾飼料的7-10倍,而熱量卻只有乾飼料的1/2-1/3,且含有豐富的動物性蛋白質,可以補足乾飼料所不夠的營養,像Kawaii就是這樣靠著狗罐頭減肥法成功瘦身下來的,但這只是懶人瘦身法
勤勞點的把拔馬麻可以自己烹調更健康營養又美味的食物給寵物寶貝們,只要不要太油太鹹,且記得避開菠菜、椒類、洋蔥、大蒜、蔥等辛香料、巧克力、咖啡等這些狗狗不能吃的食物即可,以下表格介紹狗狗絕對不能吃的食物和詳細原因,由於怕翻得不好或有落差,請各位看官仔細閱讀,其實,"人吃的"食物並不可怕,只要不過量吃了不會拉肚子(避免他們對某些食物不耐)對寵物們都是好的
Alcoholic beverages | Can cause intoxication, coma, and death. |
Baby food | Can contain onion powder, which can be toxic to dogs. (Please see onion below.) Can also result in nutritional deficiencies, if fed in large amounts. |
Bones from fish, poultry, or other meat sources | Can cause obstruction or laceration of the digestive system. |
Cat food | Generally too high in protein and fats. |
Chocolate, coffee, tea, and other caffeine | Contain caffeine, theobromine, or theophylline, which can be toxic and affect the heart and nervous systems. |
Citrus oil extracts | Can cause vomiting. |
Fat trimmings | Can cause pancreatitis. |
Grapes and raisins | Contain an unknown toxin, which can damage the kidneys. There have been no problems associated with grape seed extract. |
Hops | Unknown compound causes panting, increased heart rate, elevated temperature, seizures, and death. |
Human vitamin supplements containing iron | Can damage the lining of the digestive system and be toxic to the other organs including the liver and kidneys. |
Large amounts of liver | Can cause Vitamin A toxicity, which affects muscles and bones. |
Macadamia nuts | Contain an unknown toxin, which can affect the digestive and nervous systems and muscle. |
Marijuana | Can depress the nervous system, cause vomiting, and changes in the heart rate. |
Milk and other dairy products | Some adult dogs and cats do not have sufficient amounts of the enzyme lactase, which breaks down the lactose in milk. This can result in diarrhea. Lactose-free milk products are available for pets. |
Moldy or spoiled food, garbage | Can contain multiple toxins causing vomiting and diarrhea and can also affect other organs. |
Mushrooms | Can contain toxins, which may affect multiple systems in the body, cause shock, and result in death. |
Onions and garlic (raw, cooked, or powder) | Contain sulfoxides and disulfides, which can damage red blood cells and cause anemia. Cats are more susceptible than dogs. Garlic is less toxic than onions. |
Persimmons | Seeds can cause intestinal obstruction and enteritis. |
Pits from peaches and plums | Can cause obstruction of the digestive tract. |
Potato, rhubarb, and tomato leaves; potato and tomato stems | Contain oxalates, which can affect the digestive, nervous, and urinary systems. This is more of a problem in livestock. |
Raw eggs | Contain an enzyme called avidin, which decreases the absorption of biotin (a B vitamin). This can lead to skin and hair coat problems. Raw eggs may also contain Salmonella. |
Raw fish | Can result in a thiamine (a B vitamin) deficiency leading to loss of appetite, seizures, and in severe cases, death. More common if raw fish is fed regularly. |
Salt | If eaten in large quantities it may lead to electrolyte imbalances. |
String | Can become trapped in the digestive system; called a "string foreign body." |
Sugary foods | Can lead to obesity, dental problems, and possibly diabetes mellitus. |
Table scraps (in large amounts) | Table scraps are not nutritionally balanced. They should never be more than 10% of the diet. Fat should be trimmed from meat; bones should not be fed. |
Tobacco | Contains nicotine, which affects the digestive and nervous systems. Can result in rapid heart beat, collapse, coma, and death. |
Yeast dough | Can expand and produce gas in the digestive system, causing pain and possible rupture of the stomach or intestines. |
Xylitol (artificial sweetener) | Can cause liver failure. |
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